Ib pawg khoom siv suab rau theem tshaj lij yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws. Tam sim no, muaj ntau hom khoom siv suab rau theem hauv khw nrog ntau yam haujlwm sib txawv, uas ua rau muaj qee qib nyuaj rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv suab. Qhov tseeb, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj, cov khoom siv suab rau theem tshaj lij muaj xws li microphone + mixer + amplifier + speaker. Ntxiv nrog rau lub microphone, qhov chaw suab qee zaum xav tau DVDs, khoos phis tawj los ua si suab paj nruag, thiab lwm yam. Koj tuaj yeem siv khoos phis tawj xwb. Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau cov suab nrov rau theem tshaj lij, ntxiv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim theem tshaj lij, koj kuj yuav tsum ntxiv cov khoom siv suab xws li processors, power sequencer, equalizers, thiab voltage limiters. Cia peb qhia txog cov khoom siv suab tseem ceeb rau theem tshaj lij:

1. Lub tshuab sib tov: lub cuab yeej sib tov suab nrog ntau lub tswv yim channel, lub suab ntawm txhua lub channel tuaj yeem ua tiav sib cais, nrog rau sab laug thiab sab xis channel, sib tov, saib xyuas cov zis, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov kws ua suab, cov kws ua suab kaw thiab cov kws sau nkauj los ua suab paj nruag thiab tsim suab.

2. Lub tshuab ua kom lub zog loj dua: Ib lub cuab yeej uas hloov cov teeb liab suab hluav taws xob mus rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob uas tau ntsuas rau kev tsav cov neeg hais lus kom tsim suab. Qhov xwm txheej sib phim ntawm lub zog ntawm lub tshuab ua kom lub zog loj dua yog tias qhov tso zis impedance ntawm lub zog amplifier sib npaug rau qhov load impedance ntawm lub hais lus, thiab lub zog tso zis ntawm lub zog amplifier phim lub zog nominal ntawm lub hais lus.

3. Reverberator: Hauv lub suab ntawm cov chaw seev cev thiab cov chaw teeb pom kev zoo loj hauv theem, ib feem tseem ceeb heev yog qhov reverberation ntawm tib neeg lub suab. Tom qab tib neeg hu nkauj tau ua tiav los ntawm reverberation, nws tuaj yeem tsim ib hom kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub suab hluav taws xob, uas ua rau lub suab hu nkauj tshwj xeeb. Nws tuaj yeem zais qee qhov tsis zoo hauv lub suab ntawm cov neeg hu nkauj amateur, xws li hoarseness, lub suab caj pas, thiab lub suab nrov nrov los ntawm kev ua reverberation, yog li lub suab tsis yog qhov tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub suab reverberation kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tsis muaj overtones hauv cov qauv timbre ntawm cov neeg hu nkauj amateur uas tsis tau kawm tshwj xeeb. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau cov nyhuv ntawm theem teeb pom kev zoo concerts.

4. Lub tshuab faib zaus: Ib lub voj voog lossis lub cuab yeej uas ua tiav kev faib zaus hu ua lub tshuab faib zaus. Muaj ntau hom kev faib zaus. Raws li cov qauv sib txawv ntawm lawv cov teeb liab faib zaus, muaj ob hom: kev faib zaus sine thiab kev faib zaus pulse. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog faib cov teeb liab suab puv ntoob rau hauv cov zaus sib txawv raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub tshuab hais lus sib xyaw, yog li ntawd lub tshuab hais lus tuaj yeem tau txais lub teeb liab excitation ntawm cov zaus tsim nyog thiab ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws.

5. Lub Suab Hloov: Vim tias tib neeg muaj lub suab sib txawv, lawv muaj qhov yuav tsum tau sib txawv rau lub suab ntawm cov nkauj nrog thaum hu nkauj. Ib txhia neeg xav kom qis dua, thiab ib txhia xav tau siab dua. Ua li no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau hloov lub suab ntawm cov nkauj nrog rau kom haum rau tus neeg hu nkauj xav tau, txwv tsis pub lub suab hu nkauj thiab cov nkauj nrog rau yuav zoo li tsis sib haum xeeb. Yog tias koj siv daim kab xev nrog rau, koj yuav tsum siv lub suab hloov rau kev hloov suab.

6. Compressor: Nws yog lub npe ua ke rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm compressor thiab limiter. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los tiv thaiv lub zog amplifier thiab cov neeg hais lus (cov neeg hais lus) thiab tsim cov suab tshwj xeeb.

7. Tus Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm: Muab cov teebmeem suab, suav nrog kev rov ua dua, kev ncua sijhawm, echo thiab cov khoom siv suab rau kev ua suab tshwj xeeb.

8. Equalizer: Nws yog ib lub cuab yeej rau kev txhawb nqa thiab txo cov zaus sib txawv thiab kho qhov sib piv ntawm bass, midrange, thiab treble.

9. Cov lus hais lus thiab cov lus hais lus: Cov lus hais lus yog cov khoom siv uas hloov cov teeb liab hluav taws xob mus rau hauv cov teeb liab acoustic. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, muaj hom hluav taws xob, hom electromagnetic, piezoelectric ceramic hom electrostatic thiab hom pneumatic.

Lub tshuab hais lus, tseem hu ua lub thawv hais lus, yog ib lub cuab yeej uas muab lub tshuab hais lus tso rau hauv lub txee. Nws tsis yog ib qho khoom siv suab, tab sis yog ib qho khoom siv pab suab uas tso saib thiab ua kom lub bass nplua nuj. Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom: cov tshuab hais lus kaw, cov tshuab hais lus tig rov qab, thiab cov tshuab hais lus labyrinth. Qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hais lus hauv theem yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

10. Lub microphone: Lub microphone yog ib lub transducer electro-acoustic uas hloov suab mus ua cov teeb liab hluav taws xob. Nws yog lub tshuab sib txawv tshaj plaws hauv lub kaw lus suab. Raws li nws txoj kev coj ua, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua non-directivity (ncig), directivity (cardioid, super-cardioid) thiab strong directivity. Ntawm lawv, non-directivity yog tshwj xeeb rau cov pab pawg pickup; directivity yog siv los khaws cov suab xws li lub suab thiab hu nkauj; strong directivity yog tshwj xeeb rau kev khaws lub suab ntawm qee qhov azimuth qhov chaw, thiab sab laug thiab sab xis thiab tom qab lub suab raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw microphone pickup, thiab siv tshwj xeeb ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov suab nthwv dej, lub microphone tubular nyias ua los ntawm sonic interference tube, tib neeg hu ua rab phom-hom microphone, siv rau hauv theem kos duab thiab kev xam phaj xov xwm; raws li cov qauv thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm daim ntawv thov, qhov txawv ntawm dynamic microphone, Ribbon microphones, condenser microphones, pressure zone microphones-PZM, electret microphones, MS-style stereo microphones, reverberation microphones, pitch-changer microphones, thiab lwm yam.