1. Tus neeg sib nqus muaj zog muaj hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws xob nrog cov hlau uas tau sib xyaw hlau nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob tus ncej ntawm cov hlau nplaum tas mus li. Thaum tsis muaj qhov tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub coil ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, lub luag haujlwm hlau nyiam ntawm ob lub sib nqus ntawm cov hlau nplaum uas ruaj khov thiab tseem nyob ruaj khov hauv nruab nrab; Thaum ib qho tam sim no ntws los ntawm chev, cov cuab yeej siv hlau txav tau yog magnetized thiab dhau los ua cov hlau nplaum. Nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kev coj tam sim no, kev cai polarity ntawm cov hlau nplaum kuj hloov tau, yog li cov khoom siv tau txav mus los ntawm lub canthragm (thiab kom cov cantepragm

2. Electrostatic hais lus Nws yog tus hais uas siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv rau lub capacitor phaj. Hais txog ntawm nws cov qauv, nws tseem hu ua lub capator hais lus vim tias muaj cov hluav taws xob zoo thiab tsis zoo yog sib txawv. Ob cov ntaub ntawv tuab thiab tawv yog siv los ua cov phiaj xwm ruaj khov, uas tuaj yeem hloov cov suab, thiab cov khoom nruab nrab yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv nyias thiab lub teeb ua diaphragms (xws li txhuas diaphragms). Kho thiab nruj thoob plaws lub diaphragm thiab ua kom muaj kev deb ntawm tus ncej ruaj. Txawm nyob ntawm ib qho loj diaphragm loj, nws yuav tsis sib tsoo nrog tus ncej ruaj khov.
3. Piezoelectric hais lus hais tias siv inverse piezoeltric nyhuv ntawm piezoeltric cov ntaub ntawv yog hu ua piezoeltric hais lus. Qhov tshwm sim uas diilectric (xws li quartz, potassium sodium tas thiab lwm yam muaju ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qho, ua rau "piezoelectric nyhuv". Nws cov nyhuv inverse, uas yog, txoj kev deformic clormation ntawm dielectric tso rau hauv lub teb teb, yog hu ua "Inverse Piezoelectric effect" lossis "electrostriction".